What Are Baby Foxes Called? A Look at Their Early Life

Baby foxes, like the young of many animals, have a specific name that distinguishes them from adults. These young foxes are commonly referred to as kits, pups, or cubs, depending on regional preferences and the species in question. Understanding these terms and the early life stages of foxes provides insight into their development, behaviour, and the care provided by their parents.

Terminology: Kits, Pups, or Cubs?

The terms kits, pups, and cubs are all used to describe baby foxes, but their usage can vary by region, species, and context:

• Kits: The term kit is the most commonly used name for baby foxes. It is derived from the word “kitten,” which historically referred to the young of various small mammals. This term is widely accepted and used about the young of most fox species, particularly the red fox (Vulpes vulpes).
• Pups: Pup is another term used to describe young foxes and is more commonly used in North America. It aligns with the terminology used for the young of other canids, such as wolves and domestic dogs, highlighting the fox’s place within the broader family of Canidae.
• Cubs: Cub is less commonly used but still correct, especially in British English and when referring to certain fox species like the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) or the fennec fox (Vulpes zerda). The term cub is also used for the young of other carnivorous mammals like bears and lions, although in the context of foxes, it’s less prevalent than kit or pup.

Early Life Stages of Foxes

Understanding the terminology is just the beginning; the early life stages of foxes offer a fascinating glimpse into their development and the role of these young animals within their family unit.

• Birth and Early Development: Baby foxes are typically born in a den, which is a secure and sheltered location chosen by the vixen (female fox). A litter usually consists of 4 to 6 kits, though the number can vary depending on factors like the availability of food and the health of the mother. At birth, kits are blind, deaf, and completely dependent on their mother. Their eyes remain closed for the first 10 to 14 days, and during this time, the vixen stays close, providing warmth, protection, and nourishment through nursing.
• Weaning and Exploration: As the kits grow, they begin to explore their environment. This exploration typically starts around 4 to 5 weeks of age, when the kits are weaned from their mother’s milk and start eating solid food. The father, or dog fox, plays a crucial role during this period by bringing food back to the den for the vixen and the growing kits. The young foxes also start to play with their siblings, developing hunting skills and social behaviours that will be essential in later life.
• Learning to Hunt: By 3 months of age, the kits are ready to leave the den more frequently and learn to hunt under the supervision of their parents. They practice stalking, pouncing, and other behaviours that mimic adult hunting techniques. This learning phase is critical for their survival, as they gradually become more independent.
• Independence: Around 6 to 7 months old, fox kits begin to leave the den permanently and establish their territories. Some may stay with their family group a bit longer, but most will disperse to find their space before the next breeding season begins.

Conclusion

Baby foxes are commonly known as kits, with pups and cubs also being used depending on the context and region. These young foxes go through several developmental stages, from being completely dependent on their mother at birth to becoming independent hunters ready to establish their territories. Understanding the terminology and life stages of baby foxes provides valuable insight into the early life of these fascinating animals and their journey towards adulthood.